ESP32-S3连接SD卡读取音乐并播放
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <SD.h>
#include <FS.h>
#include <driver/i2s.h>
#include <cstdlib>
// ==== 配置区 ====
#define I2S_NUM        I2S_NUM_0

#define I2S_BCLK       41      // BCLK
#define I2S_WS         42      // LRC/WS
#define I2S_DOUT       39      // DIN (MAX98357A)

#define SD_CS          10      // SD卡模块的CS引脚(根据你实际连接修改)

#define WAV_FILE       "/2.wav"  // WAV文件名(确保存在SD卡中)
uint8_t volumeNum;
const char* wavFilePath = "/2.wav";  // 全局
// ==== 初始化I2S ====
void setupI2S() {
    i2s_config_t i2s_config = {
        .mode = (i2s_mode_t) (I2S_MODE_MASTER | I2S_MODE_TX),
        .sample_rate = 44100,
        .bits_per_sample = I2S_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_16BIT,
        .channel_format = I2S_CHANNEL_FMT_RIGHT_LEFT, // 立体声
        .communication_format = I2S_COMM_FORMAT_I2S_MSB,
        .intr_alloc_flags = ESP_INTR_FLAG_LEVEL1,
        .dma_buf_count = 8,
        .dma_buf_len = 1024,
        .use_apll = false,
        .tx_desc_auto_clear = true,
        .fixed_mclk = 0
    };

    i2s_pin_config_t pin_config = {
        .bck_io_num = I2S_BCLK,
        .ws_io_num = I2S_WS,
        .data_out_num = I2S_DOUT,
        .data_in_num = I2S_PIN_NO_CHANGE
    };

    i2s_driver_install(I2S_NUM, &i2s_config, 0, NULL);
    i2s_set_pin(I2S_NUM, &pin_config);
    i2s_zero_dma_buffer(I2S_NUM);
}

// 设置音量函数(0~100%)
void applyVolume(int16_t *samples, size_t sampleCount, uint8_t volumePercent) {
    if (volumePercent > 100) volumePercent = 100;

    float volumeScale = volumePercent / 100.0f;

    for (size_t i = 0; i < sampleCount; i++) {
        int32_t sample = samples[i];
        sample = (int32_t) (sample * volumeScale);

        // 防止溢出
        if (sample > 32767) sample = 32767;
        if (sample < -32768) sample = -32768;

        samples[i] = (int16_t) sample;
    }
}

// ==== 播放WAV文件 ====
void playWav(const char *filename) {
    File file = SD.open(filename);
    if (!file) {
        Serial.println("打开WAV文件失败");
        return;
    }

    // 跳过WAV头部(44字节)
    file.seek(44);

    const int bufferSize = 1024;
    uint8_t buffer[bufferSize];
    size_t bytesRead, bytesWritten;

    Serial.println("开始播放");
    while ((bytesRead = file.read(buffer, bufferSize)) > 0) {
        // 注意:16-bit 一次两个字节,所以要 bytesRead / 2 个样本
        applyVolume((int16_t *) buffer, bytesRead / 2, volumeNum); // 30% 音量
        i2s_write(I2S_NUM, buffer, bytesRead, &bytesWritten, portMAX_DELAY);
    }
    // while ((bytesRead = file.read(buffer, bufferSize)) > 0) {
    //     i2s_write(I2S_NUM, buffer, bytesRead, &bytesWritten, portMAX_DELAY);
    // }

    Serial.println("播放结束");

    file.close();
}

void wavPlayerTask(void* param) {
    const char* filename = (const char*)param;

    File file = SD.open(filename);
    if (!file) {
        Serial.println("打开WAV文件失败");
        vTaskDelete(NULL);
        return;
    }

    file.seek(44); // 跳过 WAV header

    const int bufferSize = 1024;
    uint8_t buffer[bufferSize];
    size_t bytesRead, bytesWritten;

    while ((bytesRead = file.read(buffer, bufferSize)) > 0) {
        // 使用当前音量调节
        applyVolume((int16_t*)buffer, bytesRead / 2, volumeNum);

        i2s_write(I2S_NUM, buffer, bytesRead, &bytesWritten, portMAX_DELAY);
    }

    file.close();
    Serial.println("播放完成");
    vTaskDelete(NULL);  // 退出任务
}
// ==== 初始化 ====
void setup() {
    Serial.begin(115200);
    delay(1000);
    volumeNum = 5;
    Serial.println("初始化 SD 卡...");
    if (!SD.begin(SD_CS)) {
        Serial.println("SD卡初始化失败");
        while (1);
    }

    Serial.println("初始化 I2S...");
    setupI2S();
    // 启动播放任务
    xTaskCreatePinnedToCore(
      wavPlayerTask,
      "WAVPlayer",
      4096,
      (void*)wavFilePath,
      1,
      NULL,
      1
    );

    delay(1000); // 稍等初始化稳定

    // playWav(WAV_FILE);
}

void loop() {
    if (Serial.available()) {
        String num = Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
        num.trim();
        const char *str = num.c_str();
        char* end;
        uint8_t v = strtol(str, &end, 10);
        Serial.println(v);
        volumeNum = v;
    }
    // 循环播放(可选)
    // delay(1000);
    // playWav(WAV_FILE);
}
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